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Dictionaries & Encyclopedia's

  Format Example
Online dictionary or encyclopedia entries

#. Author AA, Author BB -or- Editor AA, Editor BB, editor(s). Title of dictionary/encyclopedia [Internet]. Edition. Place of publication: Publisher; Year of publication. Title of entry; [cited YYYY MON DD]; [# of pages, paragraphs, webpages]. Available from: URL

NLM Citing Medicine chapter 22, section B, 9

1. Potenza D. The encyclopedia of elder care: the comprehensive resource on geriatric health and social care [Internet]. 4th ed. New York: Springer Publishing Company; 2018. Active life expectancy; [cited 2020 Oct 1]; [about 3 pages]. Available from:  https://web.p.ebscohost.com/ehost/ebookviewer/ebook/bm xls YmtfXz E2NTE2NDdfX0FO0?id=218372ce-9d0f-478c-b869-654d1e50e4a3
Entire dictionaries or encyclopedia's

#. Author AA. Dictionary/Encyclopedia title. Edition. Place of publication: Publisher; Year of publication. 

NLM Citing Medicine chapter 2, section A, 1

1. O'Toole MT. Mosby's medical dictionary. 9th ed. St. Louis: Elsevier/Mosby; 2013.
Dictionary or encyclopedia entry in print

#. Author AA, Author BB -or- Editor AA, Editor BB, editor(s) (if author unavailable). Encyclopedia title. Place of publication: Publisher; Year of publication. Title of article; page number or range.

NLM Citing Medicine chapter 2, section C

1. Cassell DK, Sanoski CA. The encyclopedia of pharmaceutical drugs. New York: Facts on File; 2012. Corticosteroids; p. 271-6.

Note: The preferred source for definitions in the SHA is The Canadian Oxford Dictionary (2 ed).

General Rules

  • How to format in-text citations in your document.
  • Author/editor names: Last name + First name initial + Middle name initial (if available). e.g., Armand Peter Smith = Smith AP.
  • The names of all authors and editors should be given. See Reference List General Rules for the use of "et al."
  • No authors, organization, or editors listed? Contact library@saskhealthauthority.ca to ask a librarian.
  • Titles: Capitalize only the first word of a title, proper nouns, proper adjectives, acronyms, and initialisms. Do not use quotation marks or italics for titles.
  • Subtitles: Use the colon (i.e., : ) to separate the title from the subtitle. e.g., Rural healthcare: a definitive guide.
  • Dates: Whenever possible use the date format [YYYY Mon DD].
  • Proper nouns: Always capitalize the first initial of country/city, person, clinical tool, organization, and/or association names.